Frequently Asked Questions: #businessentities

Foreigners can establish the following types of business entities in Indonesia:

1. Foreign-Owned Limited Liability Company (PT PMA):

• Allows foreign ownership up to 100% in many sectors
• Requires minimum investment of IDR 10 billion
• Needs at least 2 shareholders, 1 director, and 1 commissioner
• Can conduct profit-generating activities

2. Representative Office (KPPA):

• Used for market research and promotion
• Cannot engage in direct sales or revenue-generating activities
• No minimum capital requirement
• Limited to 3-5 year permit duration

3. Foreign Trade Representative Office (KP3A):

• Specifically for assisting with trading activities
• Cannot engage in direct sales
• Can be established in various regions of Indonesia

4. Foreign Construction Services Business Entity (BUJKA):

• For foreign construction companies
• Can participate in large-scale projects
• Must partner with a local Indonesian company

5. Branch Office:

• Extension of foreign parent company
• Limited to certain sectors like banking and oil/gas

The most common choice for foreign investors looking to conduct business activities in Indonesia is the PT PMA. Representative offices are often used as an initial step to explore the market before establishing a full PT PMA. The type of entity allowed depends on the business sector and activities, as regulated by Indonesia’s Positive Investment List.

URL: https://okusiassociates.com/types-of-business-entities-for-foreigners-in-indonesia

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In Indonesia, foreigners can establish several types of business entities, each with its own characteristics and requirements:

1. PT PMA (Perseroan Terbatas Penanaman Modal Asing)
   • This is the most common form for foreign investment
   • A limited liability company with foreign shareholders
   • Subject to the Negative Investment List (DNI) restrictions
   • Minimum capital requirements apply
2. Representative Office
   • Types include:
     • Foreign Company Representative Office (KPPA)
     • Foreign Trade Company Representative Office (KP3A)
     • Foreign Construction Services Representative Office (BUJKA)
   • Cannot engage in direct commercial activities or generate revenue in Indonesia
   • Useful for market research, liaison, and promotional activities
3. Branch Office
   • Only available in certain sectors (e.g., banking, oil and gas)
   • Directly controlled by the foreign parent company
   • Limited availability and subject to specific regulations
4. Foreign Investment Limited Partnership (CV PMA)
   • A partnership between foreign and local investors
   • Less common and more restricted than PT PMA
5. Foundation (Yayasan)
   • Non-profit organization
   • Can be established by foreigners for social, religious, or educational purposes
   • Cannot engage in commercial activities
6. Foreign Company Domicile (Badan Usaha Tetap - BUT)
   • A permanent establishment for tax purposes
   • Not a separate legal entity
   • Typically used for specific projects or contracts

When considering which entity to establish, foreigners should:

• Consult the latest Negative Investment List (DNI) to check sector restrictions
• Consider the nature and scope of their intended business activities
• Evaluate minimum capital requirements and investment plans
• Assess long-term business goals and expansion plans in Indonesia

It’s important to note that regulations and requirements can change, so it’s advisable to consult with a professional service provider like Okusi Associates for the most up-to-date information and guidance tailored to your specific business needs.

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